Updated 2024 · Construction
How to Become a Carpenter
Carpenters build, install, and repair structures and fixtures made from wood and other materials. They work on everything from framing houses to installing cabinets and trim.
Steps to Become a Carpenter
- Meet basic requirements, You must be at least 18 years old with a high school diploma or GED. A strong foundation in math, physics, and shop classes helps.
- Apply to an apprenticeship program, Carpenter apprenticeships last 4 years and combine on-the-job training with classroom instruction. Apply through your local union (IBEW, UA, etc.) or a non-union contractor program. You earn while you learn from day one.
- Complete required training, Complete 8000 hours of on-the-job training and related classroom instruction.
- Earn certifications, Required certifications include: OSHA 10/30-Hour Construction Safety, NCCER Carpentry Certification, Lead-safe renovation certification (EPA RRP).
- Pass the journeyman exam, After completing your apprenticeship, pass the journeyman licensing exam in your state to earn full journeyman status and pay.
What Does a Carpenter Do?
Carpenters build, install, and repair structures and fixtures made from wood and other materials. They work on everything from framing houses to installing cabinets and trim.
Daily Duties
- Read blueprints and building plans
- Measure, cut, and shape wood, drywall, and other materials
- Build frameworks including walls, floors, and doorframes
- Install cabinets, siding, drywall, and insulation
- Inspect and replace damaged framework and structural components
Skills Needed
- Blueprint reading
- Power and hand tool proficiency
- Framing and finishing
- Mathematics and measurement
- Building code knowledge
Required Certifications
- OSHA 10/30-Hour Construction Safety
- NCCER Carpentry Certification
- Lead-safe renovation certification (EPA RRP)
Carpenter Salary (2024)
The national median carpenter salary is $61,080 per year. Pay ranges from $47,670 in the lowest-paying metro to $80,950 in the highest-paying metro. See the full carpenter salary breakdown by city.
Apprentice Pay Progression
Carpenter apprentices earn while they learn, starting at approximately 40% of journeyman pay:
| Year | % of Journeyman | Estimated Annual |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 40% | $24,432 |
| Year 2 | 57% | $34,816 |
| Year 3 | 73% | $44,588 |
| Year 4 | 90% | $54,972 |
| Journeyman | 100% | $61,080 |
Union vs Non-Union Carpenter Pay
Union carpenters earn 33% more than non-union workers, $35.80/hour union vs $26.92/hour non-union. Approximately 17.1% of carpenters are union members. See the full union vs non-union comparison.
Work Environment
Carpenters work on construction sites, in homes, and in workshops. The job is physically demanding, extensive standing, climbing, lifting, and kneeling. Outdoor work in all weather conditions.
Career Outlook
Employment projected to grow 2% from 2022-2032. Residential remodeling and commercial construction drive steady demand.
Frequently Asked Questions
The national median salary for a carpenter is $61,080 per year (2024 BLS data). Pay ranges from $47,670 to $80,950 depending on location, with top earners in the 90th percentile making significantly more.
It takes 4 years to complete a carpenter apprenticeship. During this time, you earn while you learn, starting at approximately 40-50% of journeyman wages and receiving annual raises.
No college degree is required to become a carpenter. The primary path is through an apprenticeship program or trade school. You will need to earn specific certifications: OSHA 10/30-Hour Construction Safety and NCCER Carpentry Certification.
Carpenter earns a Trade Pay Score grade of C, meaning it rates moderately on pay relative to cost of living, wage growth, and demand. Employment projected to grow 2% from 2022-2032. Residential remodeling and commercial construction drive steady demand.
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